The highbush blueberry is the major species grown in the United States. It grows to a height of 6 to 8 feet. Multiple canes are produced each year from the crown and canes live for several years.

The reason one should consider adding a blueberry to the landscape is simple. They have no major insect or disease problems. Plants turn crimson red in the fall and there are some which turn yellow. This fall color adds beauty to any landscape. The best treat is the fruit. Home fruit growers should allow the fruit to fully ripen on the plant for maximum taste quality.

Blueberries are shallow rooted plants with the majority of the root system in the top 8 to 12-inches of soil. This is the reason it is so important to mulch blueberry plants. The mulch retains moisture and reduces weed competition. Mulch should be 3 to 5-inches deep in a 4-foot circle around each plant. Usually sawdust is the mulch of choice. Mulch should be added every other year to protect the blueberry root system.

Blueberries should be planted in the spring after the threat of freeze. Purchase 2-year old container grown plants to insure a quality plant. A hole 2-3 times the size of the container should be dug. Mix one-half spaghum moss with the soil to add organic matter. Set the plants at the same level they were planted in their container. The first season they are planted, one should remove any flower buds.

Blueberries require an acid soil with a pH of 4.8 to 5.2. Elemental sulfur can be added under each plant if soil test indicate the need. The plants will not tolerate standing water so avoid such a site.

Four weeks after planting, ammonium sulfate should be applied at a rate of one ounce per plant. Apply this nitrogen source away from the trunk but around the drip area of the new plant. The following spring apply two ounces per plant.

Some varieties one might consider for southern Illinois are Blueray, Patriot, or Bluecrop. All have good flavor and adapt well to this region.

So, if color is needed in the fall landscape and blueberries are a fruit one enjoys, consider adding one or more to the home landscape.