Several products are available for sewage system treatment. The question is whether they are effective. "In general, research has shown little benefit from these products," says Duane Friend, University of Illinois Extension natural resources management educator. "In some cases, they can even harm the system."

One line of products is called "starters." These products are supposed to add beneficial bacteria to a new system. These starters will not harm the system. But since bacteria is added to the system every time a flush occurs, it is not necessary to add more bacteria from a commercial source. Some products are marketed as "supplying nutrients" to aid bacterial growth in septic systems. Since there is already a plentiful nutrient source, there is no need to add additional nutrients, yeast preparations, or other home remedies. However, when large amounts of chlorine bleach and anti-bacterial products are introduced into the septic system, many bacteria are killed. "Reduce the amount of these cleaners and disinfectants to allow bacterial activity in the system to resume by itself," advises Friend.

Septic system cleaners are sold to clean the pipes and tank. If the cleaning action is done by enzymes, the product is the same as a starter or nutrient supplier. If the product acts as a de-greaser, it will disperse grease and oil that normally float to the top or settle in the bottom of the septic tank. This dispersion can cause the oils and grease to move into the drain field. As these solids move into the drain field, they will clog the soil absorption system, causing failure.

Some of these products are very powerful and may also be dangerous to handle. These cleaning products do not replace the need to have a tank periodically pumped out, which should be done every one to three years. "The best insurance against costly septic system repairs is to reduce the amount of cleaners and disinfectants you use, conserve water, and regularly pump the tank," says Friend.

For more information, contact your local U of I Extension office for the publication, Septic Systems, A Homeowners Guide.

Author: Duane Friend, Extension Educator