August 5, 2008
Violent Wind Storms Hit Chicago
One cannot appreciate the damage wind storms cause to trees until they've experienced a storm like the one that passed through Chicagoland on August 4, 2008. Fortunately, major wind storms do not occur on a regular basis. The trees that normally take the brunt of the damage - Chinese and Siberian elms, poplars, silver maples, birches and willows - are the predictable victims. All of these species have brittle wood and are easily damaged by wind storms.
Homeowners often plant fast-growing species like the ones mentioned above for rapid shade. Fast-growing trees normally have brittle wood and develop weak, V-shaped crotches that easily split apart under added weight. Often, trees with extensive internal rot and decay that may not have been evident from the exterior receive severe damage. Many times these trees overhang the house, driveway or power lines servicing the home. When large limbs or tree tops are broken in a wind storm, they can cause major damage and expense.
For homeowners with trees with major limb or top damage, two questions should be addressed. The first one is: "Does the condition of the tree warrant efforts to save it or should it be removed?" Major tree repair can be quite expensive and should only be attempted if a major portion of the tree is still intact and efforts can be made to maintain its attractiveness and value to the property. If the whole side or top is gone, it's questionable whether it's worth spending the time and money to salvage the tree. This is especially true if it's one with brittle wood that lends itself to similar problems in the future. While no one wants to remove a large, mature tree, the prudent decision may be to replace it with a young tree possessing desirable qualities.
The second question to consider is: "Can you handle the damage repair yourself or should you seek professional help?" Small limbs can be removed easily with pruning shears or a pole-lopper provided they are within your reach. Do you feel comfortable climbing a ladder up into the tree? Power equipment should never be operated from a ladder or in the tree where firm footing is questionable. Removing hanging limbs should be left to professional tree services. Look for them under Tree Service in the Yellow Pages. Make sure they carry proper liability and workmen's compensation insurance before allowing them to start the job. Ask if they have a certified arborist on their staff. You can also find a certified arborist through the International Society of Arboriculture website at http://www.treesaregood.org/findtreeservices/FindTreeCareService.aspx
The following are websites with information on how to deal with storm damaged trees and flooding:
Repair and Replacement of Storm Damaged Trees
Points on how to repair storm damaged trees and what to consider when replacing a tree
http://web.extension.uiuc.edu/disaster/facts/edentrees.html
Storm Damage to Landscape Trees: Prediction, Prevention and Treatment
How to identify trees that may be susceptible to storm damage and steps to take to prevent damage
http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/naturalresources/DD7415.html
Repairing Storm Damage to Trees
Tips on repairing trees damaged by wind, ice and lightning
http://www.kbs.msu.edu/extension/storm/index.htm
Repairing Storm Damage to Landscape Trees
Understanding the effect of floods on trees
http://www.extension.iastate.edu/DisasterRecovery/treedamage.htm
Can These Trees Be Saved?
How to evaluate a tree for repair or replacement
http://www.arborday.org/media/stormrecovery/2_canthesetreesbesaved.cfm
http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/chicago_gardener/2007/08/how-to-root-a-t.html#more
Trees Are Good
Tree care information from the International Society of Arboriculture
Selecting Trees for Your Home
This site will help you make knowledgeable decisions when selecting a tree for your landscape
http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/treeselector/
Illinois Tree Selection
This website provides you with a guide for selecting the best tree for your situation. It includes selection information, a list of some common diseases, and common insect or insect related problems for each species.
http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/treeselect/
The overnight storms have resulted in tens of thousands of customers of the various electric utilities being without power. The latest word from ComEd and Ameren is that some of the outages may last for several days. Here are a couple of resources providing information about food safety and preparation during power outages:
Safe Food Handling During Power Outages
The safety of food may be a problem following any storm where electricity has been interrupted for an extended period of time. The following information is intended to help you judge the safety of your food after a power outage.
http://web.extension.uiuc.edu/disaster/facts/food.html
Preparing Food during a Power Failure
During a power failure, cooking and eating habits must change to fit the situation. You may have no heat, no refrigeration and limited water. In addition, health risks from contaminated or spoiled food may increase.
http://web.extension.uiuc.edu/disaster/facts/powerout.html
University of Illinois Disaster Fact Sheets
Fact sheets on disaster preparedness and recovery
http://web.extension.uiuc.edu/disaster/guide/g_facts.html
Posted by Ron Wolford at 4:39 PM | Permalink |
July 8, 2008
Trees: After the Storm
Severe wind and rainstorms have caused major property and tree damage over the past couple of weeks for many homeowners throughout Illinois, reports Bob Frazee, University of Illinois Natural Resources Educator. If and when this situation hits your home, Frazee suggests the first step to take is to quickly assess the situation and decide what needs to be done - and by whom. Immediately notify police and your power company of any wires that are down on sidewalks or the street. Stay away, and keep other people away! In case of tree damage on your property, notify the phone or electric company of any problems with wires - and do not try to correct the situation yourself.
For removal of downed trees or repair of damaged ones, decide if you want to do the work or hire someone to do it for you. Tree work can be extremely dangerous and physically demanding. Frazee recommends a tree care company be used for the following situations: when the tree is large and requires high climbing; the tree is partially down (leaning on a structure or entangled with another tree); wires are involved or structures are endangered; major repair of the tree is necessary (cabling or bolting of a split fork); large limbs are still attached to the tree; or if the homeowner does not have the proper tools, knowledge, or health to do tree work.
After a storm, it is common in some areas for people to show up at your door offering their services to remove or repair trees. Do not be a victim. Frazee recommends you make sure you use only tree professionals who meet the following standards: are part of established businesses in the community or nearby areas and are working for the company rather than moonlighting; have a listing in the phone book, usually under "Tree Service"; are fully insured for property damage, personal liability, and worker compensation; and ideally, are members of a professional association of arborists.
Frazee recommends that homeowners get more than one estimate when possible. In case of tree removal, have a clear understanding about who removes the limbs and debris from the property, and whether or not the price includes stump removal and clean-up. He emphasizes that damaged trees do have some salvageable value, as firewood or chips, whether used by the homeowner or sold to others, and should be considered in the estimate.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 1:36 AM | Permalink |
July 3, 2008
New Website: Living with Wildlife in Illinois
The Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) and University of Illinois Extension have developed a new website -- Living with Wildlife in Illinois -- to help Illinois residents coexist with various wildlife, especially in urban areas.
This excellent site helps people identify animals, suggests ways to prevent problems, provides a wildlife directory and answers many public health and safety questions. In addition, it guides users on determining whether or not they need an animal control permit as well as what to do with sick, injured or orphaned wildlife.
Laura Kammin, Extension Specialist, Wildlife and Natural Resources, developed the site in conjunction with several IDNR biologists.
The site was funded in part by US Fish and Wildlife Service's State Wildlife Grant Program and the Illinois Department of Natural Resources.
You may visit the site at: http://livingwithwildlife.extension.uiuc.edu/
Posted by Ron Wolford at 4:48 PM | Permalink |
July 2, 2008
Weeding and Planting Party at Ag School
We had a weeding and planting party at the Chicago High School for Agricultural Sciences on Tuesday, June 24. Chicago Master Gardeners and youth volunteers worked for four hours weeding the demo garden beds outside of the Extension office at the Ag School. Volunteers also spread wood chips in the garden beds and added compost to the Mt. Greenwood Children's garden raised beds. Over 400 flowers and veggies were planted.
Nancy, Julie and I want to thank all the Master Gardeners and youth volunteers for taking time out of their busy schedules to get our demo gardens back into shape.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 8:43 PM | Permalink |
July 2, 2008
Watch for Japanese Beetles
Japanese beetle adults will probably emerge this week in southern Illinois. Typically, they emerge there around June 18, but emergence appears to be delayed this year. As of June 18, they had not emerged in Kentucky, and they should emerge in southern Kentucky a week or so before southern Illinois. Perhaps the cool spring has slowed down their emergence. Japanese beetle adults were emerging in North Carolina on June 11, so they will eventually show up.
When they do start to emerge in southern Illinois, we expect them about a week to 10 days later in central Illinois, and a week to 10 days after that in northern Illinois. An entomologist at Eastern Illinois University in Charleston needs to collect recently emerged adults. Please contact me, Phil Nixon, at (217)333-6650 or at pnixon@uiuc.edu when Japanese beetle adults are first seen in southern and south central Illinois so that I can let him know when to start looking for them.
We had high numbers of Japanese beetle adults in southern and northern Illinois last year, and nothing has occurred since then to decrease their numbers. Central Illinois had lower numbers than predicted last year, and we have still not figured out why.
Reduced numbers of Japanese beetles in this area of the country are typically affected by two climatic conditions. Once the larvae hatch from eggs in late July to early August, they need 11 inches of water through the fall before descending deeper into the soil for the winter. They tunnel downwards when the turfgrass root zone temperature drops to 60oF. Thus, a summer into fall drought can cause a reduction in beetle emergence the next year. Of course, irrigation helps the grubs to survive, so the drop in numbers may not be so severe in housing developments where a high percentage of the lawns are irrigated frequently.
Deeply frozen soil during the winter is the other climatic condition that reduces the number of Japanese beetles. Most Japanese beetle grubs migrate only about eleven inches deep into the soil for the winter. They can tolerate freezing temperatures during the winter for 2 to 3 weeks before dying. Several years ago, the soil in central and northern Illinois froze 18 inches to 3 feet deep and stayed that way for about 6 weeks. The following summer, only about 1/4 to 1/3 the number of Japanese beetle adults emerged, compared to the previous summer.
We had adequate rainfall last summer and fall for the Japanese beetle grubs to survive. Temperatures did not get cold enough last winter without protective snow cover to freeze the soil very deeply. Based on that, we are expecting a normal to high emergence of beetles this year.
Male Japanese beetles emerge before the females. They are able to detect females tunneling near the surface of the turf before they emerge, resulting in their being numerous in these areas. As soon as a female emerges, many males will try to mate with her, creating a ball of beetles a couple of inches in diameter. This is referred to as "balling." These become obvious on the closely mowed turf of golf greens and tees.
Japanese beetle adults feed on the foliage of many trees and shrubs, preferring linden, crabapple, willow, birch, and rose. They feed first on the upper, sunniest leaves, eating through the upper surface, the epidermis, of the leaves. Frequently, they eat holes through the leaves but also may eat just the upper epidermis and internal mesophyll cells, leaving the lower epidermis intact. Leaves damaged in this way will initially appear whitish but turn brown as the lower epidermal cells dry and die. Thus, damaged trees have missing and/or brownish foliage at the top of the canopy that gradually descends as the beetles feed on lower leaves. This damage is primarily aesthetic, with little obvious effect on plant health.
Because the damage is primarily aesthetic, not treating attacked trees or shrubs is a viable option. By treating only those plants most obvious in the landscape, such as those near entryways and in front yards, you reduce the amount of insecticide applied into the environment and keep the cost to the client lower.
These insects typically feed on one host for about 3 days, and then fly 3/4 to 1-1/2 miles away to another host. They repeat this every 3 days for about 6 weeks. They are much more attracted to previously damaged foliage, particularly that fed upon by other Japanese beetles. Thus, reducing leaf damage during the first couple of weeks after emergence frequently results in markedly less damage through the balance of the season even with no further control efforts.
Carbaryl (Sevin), cyfluthrin (Tempo), permethrin (Astro), and other pyrethroid insecticide foliar sprays provide protection from damage for 10 days to 2 weeks. These would need to be repeated twice at 2-week intervals to provide season-long protection. However, if clientele are willing to pay for only one treatment, applying soon after beetle emergence is likely to provide the best results. Azadirachtin, sold as Azatin, Ornazin, and Neem, has been shown to be an effective repellent in some situations and less so in others. It is most effective when applied just before the beetles emerge.
Clientele can hand-pick the beetles, and this is most effective during the first 2 weeks after emergence. Use a wide-mouthed jar, and partially fill it with rubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol) or soapy water. Holding the jar opening under the beetle, poke at the beetle. It will fold its legs and fall into the jar, where it will be killed. This is most effective in the late afternoon to evening or in the early morning. During the middle of the day, disturbed beetles tend to fly off into your face rather than drop into the jar. By harvesting the beetles every day or two, one can greatly reduce the amount of damage to the plants.
Japanese beetle traps contain a pheromone to lure males and a floral lure to attract female beetles. They have a bright yellow color in the lure area that also attracts both sexes. Research has shown that these traps increase the amount of damage to landscape plants. Apparently, the traps attract beetles to the area; but once in the area, many beetles attack nearby plants rather than fly all of the way to the trap. If traps are used, be sure that clientele understand the risks of increased damage and place the traps 50 feet or more from plants that you want to protect.
Author: Phil Nixon: Extension Specialist, PAT/Ornamental Household Insects
Posted by Ron Wolford at 12:43 AM | Permalink |
June 28, 2008
Flower Show Returns to Navy Pier in 2009
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Mayor Richard M. Daley was pleased to join officials with the Metropolitan Pier and Exposition Authority (MPEA), the Mayor's Office of Special Events (MOSE) and Special Events Management, owner of the Chicago Flower and Garden Show, in announcing a truly "green initiative". In 2009, the Chicago Flower & Garden Show will blossom along Chicago's lakefront. After a two-year absence from the city, the show is expected to cultivate new excitement in urban and suburban gardening when it returns to Navy Piers Festival Hall A and B, near the east end of the Pier, from Sat., March 7, through Sun., March 15, 2009. |
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"We look forward to welcoming Special Events Management to Navy Pier, as it creates a dynamic show of the highest quality," said Juan A. Ochoa, Chief Executive Officer of the MPEA. "This show will be the kind of event that's perfect for a global city already receiving worldwide credit for its "green" initiatives under the stewardship of Mayor Richard M. Daley." |
Posted by Ron Wolford at 4:12 PM | Permalink |
June 24, 2008
Prevent West Nile Virus: Use Insect Repellents
With our recent rains, mosquitoes are sure to follow. Remember West Nile Virus can be transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito. Battle mosquitoes with insect repellents.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 9:28 PM | Permalink |
June 24, 2008
Marketmaker Website Helps Buyers in Search of Safe Tomatoes
A recent national Salmonella outbreak in some tomato varieties has sent grocery stores, restaurants and tomato product producers scrambling to find sources. One place they've been able to connect with tomato growers is through the MarketMaker website."The local tomato farmers listed on the MarketMaker website are source-verified, so consumers know where the tomatoes came from and how they were grown," said Dar Knipe, University of Illinois Extension marketing specialist.
Sandy Shetler is the website manager for MarketMaker. "I received a call from a vegetable farmer in Lancaster, Ohio who is one of the tomato producers listed on MarketMaker. He had been contacted by someone who needed uncontaminated tomatoes. His tomatoes were just turning green so he referred them to a producer in southern Illinois whose crop was a few weeks ahead of his.
"Kentucky, Georgia and Mississippi are farther south and may have tomatoes ready to sell and they all have live websites with searchable databases of producers," said Shetler. "This is a prime example of when something like the Salmonella outbreak happens, people can visit the website to find local, source-verified food."
The website began as an online database of Illinois businesses but has expanded to include 10 states whose websites are up and running: Illinois, Iowa, Indiana, Michigan, Nebraska, New York, Kentucky, Ohio, Mississippi, and Georgia. Colorado, Washington D.C. and South Carolina have websites that are under construction.
Knipe said that they partner with Land Grant Universities because they have Extension personnel. "We train the Extension educators how to enroll new entries, then they go out to the farmers and other producers and teach them how to get their business listed on the MarketMaker website and how to update their information," she said.
There is no charge associated with having a business listed on the site.
Individuals can use the MarketMaker website to search for restaurants or places to buy things like maple syrup, wine and produce direct and producers can search for farmers' markets, grocery stores and other outlets to sell their food products.
The national website is located at http://national.marketmaker.uiuc.edu/. Participating states are highlighted, making it easy for users to navigate from state to state and get data from a combination of states or from just one area.
For more information about MarketMaker, contact any member of the development team: Darlene Knipe (dknipe@uiuc.edu; 309-792-2500), Gina Backes (backes@uiuc.edu; 309-796-0512), Pat Curry (curry@uiuc.edu; 217-782-6515) or Peter Goldsmith (pgoldsmi@uiuc.edu; 217-333-5131).
MarketMaker is a collaboration between the University of Illinois Initiative for the Development of Entrepreneurship in Agriculture (IDEA), the Illinois Department of Agriculture and C-FAR (Illinois Council on Food and Agricultural Research). The project was funded by the Illinois Department of Agriculture, University of Illinois Extension, and the Illinois Council on Food and Agricultural Research (C-FAR).
Source: Darlene Knipe, Extension Specialist, Marketing and Business Development, dknipe@uiuc.edu
Posted by Ron Wolford at 7:45 PM | Permalink |
June 16, 2008
Extension Flood Fact Sheets
To help victims of the recent flooding in Illinois and Iowa, the University of Illinois Extension has a number of fact sheets available for flood victims with tips about cleanup and reconstruction.
There are pdf versions of most fact sheets which are designed to be printed and handed out at locations where victims are gathering for food distribution, emergency supplies, community meetings, etc.
There is also updated flood information on EDEN: Extension Disaster Education Network.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 11:04 AM | Permalink |
June 15, 2008
Chicago Park District Limits Pesticide Use
Each spring, park patrons may see dandelions growing in their neighborhood parks throughout Chicago, signifying a healthy, chemical-free park. The Chicago Park District is partnering with the Department of Environment and Safer Pest Control Project to offer park visitors a safer and healthier park by limiting the use of pesticides throughout the district.
Close to 90 percent of Chicago parks avoid the use of chemicals that are sprayed to control weeds. This is done in an effort to minimize the impact on our environment.
"The Park District is partnering with the Department of Environment and Safer Pest Control Project to keep our Chicago parks a healthy place for everyone to enjoy," said Tim Mitchell, Chicago Park District Superintendent and CEO. "We are encouraging all Chicago residents to follow the Park District's example and use more natural lawn care techniques that keeps your lawn safe and healthy."
"Residents can control weeds and get a naturally beautiful lawn without pesticides, which carry potential risks to human health and water quality," says Rachel Rosenberg, Executive Director of Safer Pest Control Project. "A natural lawn will help reduce disease and pest problems safely, which can over time save time and money as an extra added benefit to your family."
"We are asking everyone to consider natural alternatives to chemicals for maintaining landscapes," said Environment Commissioner Suzanne Malec-McKenna. "Options for a healthy and vibrant garden include choosing species that are adaptable to our climate, utilizing natural fertilizers, and implementing an Integrated Pest Management program."
The Chicago Park District mows turf grass to keep weeds down. Following natural lawn care basics, the Park District keeps the grass three inches high. This allows the roots to grow strong and access water deep in the ground. As a result, the taller grass naturally shades out some weeds. With the reduction in use of chemical weed killers, dandelion flowers grow back quickly, oftentimes overnight. Therefore, the sight of dandelions indicates grass that is healthy and safe for all park patrons to play on!
Four Natural Lawn Care Tips
•Water Deeply and Infrequently: This encourages deep root growth. One inch per week is ideal. You can easily measure that amount by placing a cup in your yard while watering. When your sprinkler fills it one inch deep, your watering for the week is done. Water early in the morning to minimized disease problems.
•Mow High: Keep your lawn mowed at three inches or higher. This will increase the root strength and naturally shade out weeds. Don't mow your lawn unless it needs it. This creates healthy grass that can withstand drought and stay green longer.
•Use Organic Fertilizer: Commercial fertilizers easily wash away, polluting nearby lakes and streams. Many contain toxic weed killers. Choose an organic fertilizer to capture and deliver nutrients in the lawn throughout the growing season. Keep grass clippings on the lawn as they are an excellent natural fertilizer.
•Weed Naturally: Proper lawn care maintenance naturally eliminates most weeds. Annual reseeding gives grass an advantage over weeds. Avoid using pesticides, as they can harm other beneficial living things such as bees, birds and fish. The right tool makes quick work of weeding. After pulling weeds, use grass seed and soil to fill in the hole. Your lawn will be strong and healthy as a result.
The Safer Pest Control Project is the only organization in Illinois dedicated to protecting children and their families from the serious health consequences of pesticides. Safer Pest Control Project (SPCP) works to reduce pesticide use and promotes safe, effective alternatives.
At the center of their efforts is Integrated Pest Management (IPM), a proven method that emphasizes simple, inexpensive prevention practices that cause the least harm to people and the planet. For 15 years, Safer Pest Control Project has done their work by developing model programs and policies, lobbying, building coalitions, and conducting outreach, training, and advocacy programs. For more information go to www.spcpweb.org.
- Contact Phone: 312 742 7529
Posted by Ron Wolford at 1:42 PM | Permalink |
June 11, 2008
Biodiversity Project Job Openings
Hello!
The Biodiversity Project, now located in Chicago Illinois, is hiring. Please find attached the three job postings. The job titles and job descriptions are:
Director of Communications
Mississippi River Campaign Program Manager
Jennifer Browning
Executive Director
Biodiversity Project
4507 N. Ravenswood
Suite 106
Chicago IL 60640
Phone: 773-496-4020
Cell: 773-592-5002
www.biodiversityproject.org
Posted by Ron Wolford at 12:02 PM | Permalink |
June 11, 2008
Anthracnose of Shade Trees
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Spring weather promotes growth of trees, flowers, and lawns, but also spurs many diseases that attack the plants, said a University of Illinois Extension horticulture educator. "None of these diseases is probably more noticeable and frustrating than shade tree anthracnose," said David Robson. "Anthracnose affects most of the major shade trees. However, while symptoms appear similar, different fungal organisms affect different plants." Anthracnose thrives and develops when spring temperatures are on the cool side and moisture is adequate. The spring of 2008 has been ideal for this problem. The good news is that while disease symptoms increase as temperatures become warmer, when temperatures move into the 80s consistently the infections become less and less. "The disease causes spots or lesions on leaves, flowers, twigs, and branches," said Robson. "Lesion colors range from tan to brown to olive green to black. Leaves curl, die, and fall off. Many trees appear defoliated or sparsely leafed out. Symptoms are noticeable during the latter part of May and into June. "Trees usually affected include ash, birch, catalpa, dogwood, elm, hickory, linden, maple, oak, poplar (including cottonwood and aspen), tulip tree, and walnut." However, he added, no tree gets hit as much as the sycamore, which has lived with the disease since records have been kept. "Just looking at sycamore should give the gardener a clue as to the amount of damage to expect on other plants," he said. In most cases, the disease starts out as small, irregular-shaped spots on the leaf, usually at the leaf margins or tips. Spots enlarge and leaves may curl. The oldest leaves appear infected first, but newer leaves can show symptoms if the weather is ideal. "The color of the lesions varies," he said. "Dogwood exhibits a dark purple color. Elms show a gray to black color while lindens are light brown with some yellow." Ash, maple, and sycamores are most often the hardest hit. Ash trees start with tan to brown lesions on the leaflets, usually at the margins or along the veins. Leaves curl, become distorted, and fall. "Maple infections vary," Robson said. "Japanese maple shoots may turn black and shrivel. Purple or brown streaks develop along the veins of Norway maples, including the 'Crimson King' varieties. Greenish brown to reddish brown spots form between the veins of sugar maples. Spots merge as they get larger and leaves curl." Sycamore anthracnose appears the most serious, though the trees recover easier than any others. Leaves develop brown lesions along the veins. Entire leaves then turn brown, curl, and fall. Sycamore anthracnose also attacks twigs and young shoots, girdling them, and causing them to die back and drop. "Trees seldom die as a result of anthracnose," he said. "Most have the ability to produce new sets of leaves. Since environmental conditions are different in June and July, anthracnose fungal spores seldom infect new leaves and twigs. "However, producing new leaves does limit the tree's growth and reduces the food reserves. Repeated infections over the years can reduce the plant's vigor and make it more susceptible to other disease and insect problems." Control, Robson noted, is difficult. Protective fungicide sprays are usually too late and too costly to provide any acceptable control except on small trees. "Sanitation is crucial for good control," he said. "Rake up fallen leaves and branches. Leaves may be composted to kill the disease spores if the compost pile reaches 140 degrees or more." Trees should be fertilized in the late fall to maintain the plant's vigor. Watering may be necessary throughout the summer to reduce the tree's stress. "Water thoroughly and deeply as opposed to small amounts daily," he said. "Make sure the tree is mulched with two to four inches of wood chips." Source: David J. Robson, Extension Educator, Horticulture, drobson@uiuc.edu |
Posted by Ron Wolford at 1:53 AM | Permalink |
June 8, 2008
Tomato: Blossom-End Rot
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Blossom-end rot is a summer disease very common in tomatoes and fruit vegetables such as peppers, eggplant, and sometimes melons and summer squash, said a University of Illinois Extension horticulture educator. "It is a non-pathogenic disease, a physiological disorder," said Maurice Ogutu. "It is a symptom of calcium deficiency in the fruit. Calcium deficiency may be caused by low soil calcium, low calcium in maturing fruit, or fluctuating soil moisture. It is usually severe following extremes in soil moisture conditions--either too dry or too wet." Calcium, he explained, is required in large amounts by fruits for normal cell growth. When a rapidly growing fruit is calcium-deficient, normal cell growth is interrupted and the tissues start breaking down. This leaves a characteristic dry, sunken lesion at the blossom end of the fruit. "Blossom-end rot is induced when calcium demand exceeds supply," he said. "This may come as a result of low calcium levels or competition for calcium uptake with other mineral nutrients in the soil. "The other factors that can predispose plants to blossom-end rot are very little moisture in the soil caused by drought stress, excessive soil moisture fluctuations which reduce uptake and movement of calcium into the plant, or rapid vegetative growth due to excessive nitrogen fertilization." In tomatoes, the first visible symptom of this disorder is a small, darkened or water-soaked area around the blossom end of the fruit. The spot darkens, enlarges, and becomes sunken as the fruits mature. Larger lesions may show concentric rings. The affected tissue is leathery and firm unless invaded by secondary decay organisms. "Blossom-end rot usually causes the fruit to ripen prematurely and it then becomes inedible," Ogutu said. "Sometimes the affected areas become infected with secondary pathogens which appear black on the affected areas. The affected area can be small or may cover most of the fruit. "Blossom-end rot appears as tan in color in peppers and should not be confused with sunburn that appears whitish in color mainly away from the blossom end. It appears mainly on the first cluster of fruits in tomatoes and peppers." The disease can be controlled by selecting sites with deep, well-drained soils where plants will develop well-formed root systems for optimal uptake of calcium and other mineral nutrients. "Test your soil after every three years and lime it if needed," he said. "Avoid use of ammoniacal nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium nitrate as the ammonium inhibits calcium uptake. Do not overfertilize the plants at planting. "Provide adequate moisture throughout the growing season and mulch the plants. Avoid severe pruning of the plants, and when controlling weeds, do not dig deep closer to the base of the plant. Foliar sprays can be used as a short-term measure but their absorption by the fruit is very poor. Calcium chloride can be used as a foliar spray only in tomatoes and should be sprayed when it is not too hot to avoid burning the leaves."Source: Maurice Ogutu, Extension Educator, Horticulture, ogutu@uiuc.edu Photo: University of Illinois Extension |
Posted by Ron Wolford at 10:23 PM | Permalink |
April 12, 2008
2008 GreenNet Green and Growing Fair
What: 2008 GreenNet Green and Growing Fair
When: April 26, 2008 from 10 a.m. – 3 p.m.
Where: Garfield Park Conservatory – 300 North Central Park, Chicago 60624
Cost: FREE Admission – Open to All
Come one; come all to this extraordinary spring event! We have an outstanding line-up for GreenNet's 16th Annual Green and Growing Fair, including the launch of ONE SEED CHICAGO.
As One Book; One Chicago is to reading, One Seed Chicago is to urban greening. With this new program GreenNet invites you to Grow Together. This year's seed is the Sunflower. Imagine thousands of these versatile plants linking together community gardens across the City! Pick up your free seed packet at the Fair, at events throughout the summer or by sending your name and address to info@neighbor-space.org.
This year the Fair will feature several performing artists. Enjoy down home local musicians while eating lunch at the Green Cafe. While roaming through the Conservatory, you'll enjoy a sneak preview of Walkabout Theater's forthcoming play, "War Garden: An Experiment in Patriotic Agriculture." The show, which is co-produced by NeighborSpace, and this summer will be performed directly in community gardens throughout the City, is a comedic exploration of Chicago's wildly popular war garden movement of WWI (victory gardens in WWII).
Get first dibs! Buy the season's first spring vegetables and seedlings as well as seeds, worm compost and other gardening materials and supplies from local growers and vendors. Vendors will also be selling local crafts such as painted pots, notepaper & jewelry (just in time for Mother's Day!)
Enjoy these demonstrations, activities and more:
Basics of composting
Rot Pot seed starting
Home-made solar ovens
LOW COST Tool sharpening by the CHICAGO Botanic Garden's Green Youth Farmers
Community Garden Poster Session – Meet Chicago Garden Leaders
$5.00 Classes on Native Landscaping & Basic Composting
OUR Popular silent auction of garden related items
And….. the launch of ONE SEED CHICAGO: 2008 Sunflower - Come to the Fair to pick up your free seed packet
Posted by Ron Wolford at 3:41 PM | Permalink |
March 18, 2008
Master Naturalist Project Organizer
Greetings:
The new Master Naturalist project organizer position will be based in our Matteson office. This will be a new program in Cook County. We will be collaborating with the Forest Preserve of Cook County, the Field Museum and Lake Katherine Nature Center and Botanic Gardens. Other partners may join us in the future.
On the state level, IL Master Naturalist is collaborating with the Illinois Natural History Survey, the Nature Conservatory, various U of I departments and the Illinois Steward Magazine, and others. Cook County is one of several piloting this program over the next few years.
The closing date for applications for this position is April 15.
Here are the links to two county Master Naturalist pilot sites that are already in place:
http://web.extension.uiuc.edu/champaign/mn/index.html
http://web.extension.uiuc.edu/rockisland/mnaturalist/index.html
Nancy Pollard
Horticulture Educator
Cook County / South Suburban Unit
5527 Miller Circle Drive, Suite A, Matteson, Illinois 60443
phone (708) 720-7500. fax (708) 720-7509
email pollard@uiuc.edu
http://cook.extension.uiuc.edu
Posted by Ron Wolford at 12:45 AM | Permalink |
March 14, 2008
Control Crabgrass
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Crabgrass is just one of many annual grassy weeds which cause problems in home lawns, said a University of Illinois Extension horticulture educator. "Its thick, hairy blades can smother the more desirable lawn grasses during the summer," said David Robson. "And when frost hits the plant, you're left with large, brown patches of dead grasses. Unfortunately, in most cases it's too late to re-seed or sod the area." A proactive approach offers the best opportunity to control crabgrass. "Crabgrass germinates during the spring and early summer when soil temperatures start reaching 60 degrees F for five consecutive days," he said. "If the temperature cools, the process has to start all over. This is one reason for the extended germination time." Crabgrass seeds also need light in order to sprout. Thick, dense turfgrass is the best defense, though lawns tend to be somewhat sparse in early spring, especially if they've had previous crabgrass problems or have been improperly fertilized the previous season. "The primary means of controlling annual grassy weeds is by providing a vigorous, dense, competitive turf coupled with pre-emergence herbicides," said Robson. "Pre-emergence herbicides are applied to prevent the appearance of crabgrass and other annual grassy weeds in turf areas. These herbicides can persist in the soil for several months and control annual grasses through the growing season. "The herbicide forms a chemical barrier or blanket at the soil surface and just below that prevents grass development from germinating seeds. The new shoots and roots of germinating seeds absorb the herbicide and are killed." Pre-emergence chemicals should be applied one to two weeks prior to the time when soil temperatures reach 50 degrees F for three consecutive days. For this reason, in a typical year crabgrass applications should be applied by April 1 for best control in central Illinois. Add a week or two as you move farther north, and subtract a week or two going south. "For extended crabgrass control, apply a second application of pre-emergence herbicide four to six weeks after the first," said Robson. "Herbicides to control annual grasses normally require irrigation following application to be effective, and all turf cultivation activities should precede application. "Remember to always read and follow label directions for safe pesticide use and effective pest control. The label should list tolerant species, controllable weeds, and application rates. Most herbicides which control crabgrass will also affect germinating grass seed, so avoid using crabgrass-preventing herbicides when seeding." Sound cultural practices can also help to control annual grassy weeds, he added. "Don't cut turf too short. Low-mowing can lead to an open turf stand in which weed seed can easily germinate," he said. "Cut turf at a height appropriate for the turf species and season. "Watch for natural thinning areas such as next to driveways, sidewalks, and patios. Don't forget alleys, which can also be breeding ground for seeds." Turf should be watered deeply, but not frequently. This enables the soil surface to dry between irrigations. Constantly moist soil surface increases weed seed germination and seedling survival. "Supply the appropriate fertilizers so that necessary nutrients are available for turf during the spring flush of growth," said Robson. "Fertilizer application during late spring and early summer helps to supply nutrients to weed seedlings and plants. Large amounts of soluble nitrogen may injure turf and reduce turf density, allowing weeds to germinate. Fall applications may be better for the turf as weedy plants use less of the nutrients. "Control diseases, insects, soil compaction, traffic, and other turfgrass stresses. Maintain a dense turf to reduce annual grassweed seed germination." Source: David J. Robson, Extension Educator, Horticulture, drobson@uiuc.edu |
Posted by Ron Wolford at 1:52 AM | Permalink |
March 6, 2008
Become a TreeKeeper
TreeKeepers are volunteers who have become certified by Openlands to give trees the care and maintenance they need to thrive in the urban forest. Classes are taught by professionals from the Morton Arboretum, Chicago's Bureau of Forestry, the Chicago Park District, Chicago's Department of Environment and private arboriculture experts. Discover some things that may surprise you: tree roots grow outward from the trunk near the surface, not down deep into the soil; one of the worst enemies of city trees is the lawn mower; trees can drown and suffocate. Receive hands-on training in pruning, planting and mulching. Learn what makes trees sick and what keeps them healthy. Acquire techniques to tell one species from another–even without their leaves!
This seven-week course for adults is offered twice a year–in spring and fall–at various locations throughout the City of Chicago. Class topics include: Benefits of Urban Trees, Tree Folktales and Myths, Tree Physiology, Learning to Know Trees by their Latin Names, Tree Species Identification, Common Tree Diseases and Insect Damage, Hands-On Pruning, Right Tree in the Right Place, Planting and Mulching. Students who attend all seven classes, pass a final exam and hands-on skills tests for pruning, mulching and planting become certified TreeKeepers. They then become part of an informed volunteer corps that convenes regular workdays to care for city trees in public parks, on city streets and at other public sites.
Tuition of $80 includes materials, guest speakers, and certification upon completion of course requirements. Two graduate credits are available for teachers. For more information and to find out when and where the next classes will be given, contact TreeKeeper Jim at (312) 863-6259 or click here for the brochure. See Events Calendar for a listing of TreeKeeper workdays.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 1:57 AM | Permalink |
March 6, 2008
New Schools Online Web Sites
The University of Illinois Extension has just released two new Web sites for students.
The first, Fresh From the World...Where Your Food Comes From, is for third-fifth graders. It discusses 15 different popular foods and explores their histories and origins. Students can gain a new understanding about the food they find in the grocery store and the fact that it sometimes comes from other parts of the world.
You can visit this site at http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/food/
The second new site -- Riding the Winds with Kalani -- is designed for 5-8 year olds to gain knowledge about weather. The site provides information on basic earth movements, seasons, clouds, precipitation and temperature. Animations have been added to enhance the learning of the weather processes. It also includes color pages, games and activities that reinforce the concepts.
You can visit the site at http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/kalani/
It is the first of a three part series on weather. The next site in development for 9-12 year olds is "The Tree House Weather Scientists." We hope to release it later this year.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 1:36 AM | Permalink |
March 3, 2008
Preschool Garden Grants
Ask young children, who garden what they like about it, and you'll get a lot of different answers, but the main message is, "Gardening is fun!" It gets them outdoors, gives them an outlet for their energy, and lets them participate in creating something beautiful that they can feel proud of. Plus, they actually like to eat the vegetables they grow!
A child's early years are a crucial time of development, and preschool education can significantly influence the rest of their lives. Gardening is a hands-on project that allows children to explore at their own pace and engage in age-appropriate experiential learning. Wow! Wow! Wubbzy! is sponsoring this award to give more children these valuable opportunities.
Eligibility requirements: The grants are open to organizations offering structured programs in settings such as preschools, day care centers, and Head Start programs. Applicants must plan to garden with a group of at least 10 children aged 3 to 5 during 2008.
Award Packages: 75 winners will each receive an assortment of garden tools and garden- and nature-oriented teaching materials valued at $1,000, including a Link-a-Bord Raised Bed Kit, a GrowLab Compact Light Garden, a WormLab with worms, a Deluxe Seed-Starting Kit, a Butterfly Observation Habitat, and much more, plus a Wubbzy gardening activity guide for teachers.
Deadline: Applications must be postmarked by March 15, 2008.
Notification: Applicants will receive notification regarding award status via e-mail by April 10, 2008.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 2:49 PM | Permalink |
March 2, 2008
Angelic Organics Job Opening
Dear Friends:
We are very excited to announce that the Learning Center is now accepting applications for an Urban Initiative Program Coordinator! The position will be based in the Chicago office.
We are seeking a responsible, highly organized individual to join our urban initiative team to assist with community food system projects and urban agriculture training. At least three years of related experience is required. This position starts at 20 hours a week in April 2008 with the possibility of a full-time position with benefits by July 2008.
Applications must be received by 3/15/08. Visit www.learngrowconnect.org click on "Now Hiring" for the full job description and application info.
Rasha Abdulhadi
Program Coordinator- Urban Initiative
Angelic Organics Learning Center
Chicago Office
6400 S Kimbark Ave
Chicago, IL 60637
Office: 773-288-5462
Fax: 425-969-0317
Posted by Ron Wolford at 11:00 PM | Permalink |
February 29, 2008
Barb Farner Retirement
As I start my 25th year with the University of Illinois Extension, it seems lately that I have been attending more retirement parties. When I was a newbie in Extension, I remember sitting at an Annual Conference ceremony where they were honoring staff for years of service. I was really surprised with the number of people who had 25, 30, 35 years of service. My thought was how anybody could stay in the same job for so long. Now I know. It's the great people you work with and the people you serve, plus everyday is different in this job.
Today I was in the Kankakee Extension office for Barb Farner's retirement party. Barb has been with Extension for 38 years. Barb was a Nutrition and Wellness Educator. Barb served with the Peace Corps for two years before starting her long career with Extension. Barb has traveled all over the world. She speaks Spanish fluently and has done some of her programs in Spanish. I want to wish Barbara all the best in her retirement. She will be missed.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 2:56 PM | Permalink |
February 28, 2008
Web Development Meeting in Urbana
I spent the day in Urbana at the University of Illinois meeting with Jane Scherer. Jane is Extension's Web guru. She is in charge of the development of all the content for the Extension Web site. I have been working with Jane for many years. When Extension started the Urban Programs Resource Network ,we were hoping for 100,000 hits in a year. Since the inception of the UPRN in1996 and since it was recently folded into the State Extension Web site, the site has received more than 32 million hits and has averaged over a million hits a month over the last six months.
Jane and her staff are working on a long list of web projects. I met with Jane to schedule due dates for updates for sites I have developed: Bulbs and More, Strawberries and More, Watch Your Garden Grow, Apples and More, Miracle of Fall, Pumpkins and More, Turkey for the Holidays, Poinsettia Pages,Winter Storm Resource Center and Christmas Trees and More. I love working on the development of the Web sites; I just need to find more time to work on them.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 12:27 AM | Permalink |
February 24, 2008
Listen to Garden Teleconferences
The American Community Gardening Association offers a series of excellent recorded teleconferences on their Web site. These are 90 minute conferences that have 1 to 3 speakers. Topics covered include garden fundraising, garden leadership, school gardens, fundraising and immigrants and community gardening.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 8:05 PM | Permalink |
February 18, 2008
Welcome Julie Perteet
The Urban Gardening staff would like to welcome our new secretary, Julie Perteet to the University of Illinois Extension. Julie will be splitting her time between our Chicago High School for Agriculture Sciences office and our Greenwood offices. Please welcome Julie to Extension when you call.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 10:35 PM | Permalink |
February 8, 2008
Valentine's Day Flower Care
"Whether you are giving roses, carnations, mums, or some other type of flower, you want them to last," says James Schuster. "Start with buying young flowers. Young rose buds have just their outer petals open, show no browning and on red roses there is no noticeable 'blue blush' showing through the red.
"The flower head stands straight up--the stem just below the flower has not become limp so that the flower head leans to the side."
The best carnations are not fully expanded and show no browning or wilting. Spike flowers like snapdragons and gladiolas should have the top third of the spike with the flowers still in bud. Daisy-like flowers should have the center look like a smooth flat to roundish button with a slight green color rather than a fuzzy-looking button.
"Whether the flowers are cut or potted, always check the age," says Schuster. "Check for browning and other aging/injury problems and check for wilting. Old flowers, diseased flowers, and wilted flowers have a short life expectancy."
Avoiding frost and freeze damage is another way to make gift flowers last longer. Make sure that there is adequate protection on the cut flowers and potted plants. Since heat rises, an opening at the top of wrapped cut flowers or sleeved potted plants lets the heat out and the cold in.
"Make sure that the wrapping or sleeve folds over to cover this opening before leaving the store to go to your car," Schuster says. "Also consider how cold the car is inside and how long it will take you to get home. The paper used to protect your plants is only a short-term protection. If the cut flowers or potted plant remain in the cold too long, the flowers will not last."
Cut flowers need to be placed in water as soon as possible to reduce the chance of wilting. Those receiving cut flowers should cut about one to two inches of the stems under water and, if possible, put the flowers into a vase while still under water.
"This prevents air bubbles from interfering with the uptake of water," explains Schuster. "Change the water frequently--at least once a day. If a preservative is used, do not use all the preservative on the first day. If no preservative is available, it becomes more important to change the water daily.
"Changing the water frequently reduces decay and its foul odor. Potted plants should be moist but not wet. Keep them cool and in lots of bright lot but not direct sun."
Posted by Ron Wolford at 1:47 AM | Permalink |
February 2, 2008
Milwaukee Worm Composting Workshop
Growing Power, Inc. in association with the Urban Agriculture Conference of Milwaukee presents a Composting and Vermiculture workshop on Friday, February 29th, 2008 from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Location: 5500 W. Silver Spring Drive, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53218. Cost: $100 (scholarships are available), lunch included.
Workshop Schedule:
9:00 a.m.-10:00 a.m. – Introduction
10:00 a.m.-12:00 p.m. – Tour
12:00 p.m.-1:00 p.m. –Lunch
1:00 p.m.-5:00 p.m. - Hands on Training in Composting and Vermiculture
For more information please call Katie 414-527-1546 or email katie@growingpower.org. Hope to see you there!
Laurell Sims: Growing Power, Inc.
1741 North Western Avenue
Chicago, Illinois 60647
Phone: 773.486.6005
Posted by Ron Wolford at 2:00 PM | Permalink |
January 8, 2008
Oregon Banning the Butterfly Bush
Did you hear the Oregon is trying to ban the butterfly bush? There are so many planted in the landscape and in the wilds of the Pacific Northwest that they are considered by some to be noxious weeds.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 12:58 AM | Permalink |
January 6, 2008
Building Locally Based Food Systems Workshop
If you are interested in expanding local foods work in your Unit, plan to attend Strategies for Building Locally Based Food Systems in Illinois Communities
A one-day workshop for Extension Educators and County Directors, elected and appointed officials, agency staff and economic development directors . . . and anyone interested in strengthening their community and its economy by creating a vibrant local food system.
You have a choice of TWO dates at TWO locations for this one-day workshop: February 11th, 2008 Starved Rock Lodge State Park, Utica Illinois or February 13th, 2008, University of Illinois Springfield, Illinois
There is growing interest in community or locally based food systems among a variety of key players in the food system (producers, consumers, non-profit organizations). Farmers' markets are on the rise and many consumers want to know where their food comes from. This workshop will introduce a newly developed resource guide on building local food systems for both rural and urban communities. This "how to" process outlines, step by step, how to encourage a local food system and provides Illinois examples of success.
Participants will learn to: 1) Assess the state of the food system in their region, 2) Access existing knowledge about local food system activities and initiatives in Illinois, 3) Identify activities and projects that can help communities get started in building a locally based food system, and 4) Explore roles for Extension and key stakeholders in the food system.
We encourage Extension Educators and County Directors to invite individuals from their communities who are or would be key players in building a local food system.
There is no cost for Extension personnel. For non-Extension participants, the cost is $30 per person and covers lunch (featuring local food), snacks and beverages and a copy of the Resource Guide, "Beyond the Farmers' Market: Planning for Local Food Systems."
To register: Go to the University of Illinois Extension's website: http://web.aces.uiuc.edu/pdo/ Registration is limited to 40, so please register soon. Deadline to register is FRIDAY, JANUARY 25, 2008. For more information or to register non-Extension participants, contact: Leslie Cooperband, lcooperb@uiuc.edu or 217-244-2743 or call Dee (Laboratory for Community and Economic Development staff) at 217.244.0120.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 12:06 PM | Permalink |
January 4, 2008
Online History of Horticulture Course
Purdue University has a course called, "The History of Horticulture" taught by Jules Janick of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture. A video and PowerPoint slide program of all 42 lectures are available online.
You can view the video links in a media browser.The resolution is OK. Because image resolution is much better in the PowerPoint files the best way to view the lectures is to open the PowerPoint file (under "Course Content"), then open the video file and watch it as you follow along.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 6:49 PM | Permalink |
January 4, 2008
It is Raining Iguanas
Of course I have seen rain and snow fall from the sky but never iguanas. During Florida's recent cold snap, iguanas were falling from trees in a sort of suspended animation until it warmed up.
Posted by Ron Wolford at 5:16 PM | Permalink |
January 3, 2008
Prevent Wildlife Damage to Landscape
Most of Illinois is rural with some heavily urbanized areas. It is also home to a large population of wildlife. The population of rabbits, mice and especially deer may be higher now than they have ever been. Now that snow has covered the natural browse, these animals are forced to feed on trees and shrubs–often on prized landscape plants. University of Illinois Extension Educator David Robson shares several ways to protect your plants from these animals.
Mice take up residence in snow or debris near the bases of trees and shrubs, gnawing away the bark all winter, girdling the plants. Fruit trees, pines and shrubs, such as rose tree of China or flowering almond, are most attractive. The mice will build a tunnel system under the snow from plant to plant so they can move and feed safe from predators. Remove debris around the bases of the plants, and walk down the snow so the mice can't tunnel up to the plants.
You can place a plastic tube or collar around some plants. Chicken wire fencing works as long as there is an inch gap between the bark and the wire to prevent the mice from getting their teeth on the bark.
Rabbits, too, will resort to eating bark when snow covers their normal forage. They may girdle trees, but normally eat only the ends of branches of shrubs. This haircut usually does no permanent damage. Preferred are roses, fruit trees and young plants with thin bark.
One way to limit rabbit damage is to place branches on the ground next to the plant for the rabbits to gnaw on. They may not be looking for the branches as food as much as a means of grinding down their teeth.
Mechanical protection for trunk of young trees is effective. Use cylinders of hardware cloth at least 1-1/2 feet taller than the expected snow cover. Commercially available rabbit guards of plastic, aluminum, etc., work well too.
Protect beds of roses or finite areas of small trees using fencing 3 feet high, with the bottom 6 inches bent outward and an inch or so below the ground to prevent burrowing.
Keep snow at least 1-1/2 feet below the fence or tree guards, or rabbits will hop over them.
Deer populations can be high throughout the urban area, especially as they become accustomed to humans. Deer fearlessly feed on landscape plants even in densely populated areas anywhere near forest preserves, rivers, streams or other natural areas where they can hide during the day.
Once snow covers the grass, deer start to feed on evergreens and deciduous trees and shrubs, often removing everything from ground level to as high as they can reach. This can be especially damaging to evergreen hedges and foundation planting which may not grow back once all foliage is removed and also to dwarf fruit trees destroying the reachable fruiting branches.
Nothing seems to work 100 percent. Deer may be repelled by using bars of fragrant soap tied to 4-foot laths driven into the ground every 10-15 feet. If the deer are not wary of humans, this may not work. Some people report success with bags of human hair, easily obtained from hair salons and barbers.
There are some repellents on the market that give some satisfaction. Spraying plants with rabbit/deer repellent containing Thiram will usually prevent feeding by deer and rabbits. The material needs to be re-applied every month or so as it washes off.
Small areas may be fenced for seasonal deer protection. Fences must be placed so that there is insufficient take-off or landing room, or the deer will jump them. Snow fences may work in such cases. Large areas can be protected with electric fences where legal. Plans for such installation are available and must be followed carefully.
Source: David J. Robson, Extension Educator, Horticulture, drobson@uiuc.edu
Posted by Ron Wolford at 1:44 AM | Permalink |
January 2, 2008
New Hort Answers Website
We are pleased to release the new Hort Answers website. It is a comprehensive guide to help homeowners living in the USDA Hardiness Zones 4, 5 & 6. It provides localized information to help select and care for plants as well as identify and manage plant diseases, insects and other problems.
The site was developed by Bruce Paulsrud, former Extension Specialist, PAT; Jim Schuster, Extension Specialist, PAT/Plant Pathology; Maurice Ogutu, Extension Educator, Horticulture; Sharon Yiesla, Extension Unit Educator, Horticulture, and Greg Stack, Extension Educator, Horticulture.
It will be an excellent resource for Master Gardeners, media, libraries, garden center personnel, and home gardeners.
You can visit the site at: http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/hortanswers/
Posted by Ron Wolford at 3:53 PM | Permalink |
December 28, 2007
Life in the Soil: A Guide for Naturalists and Gardeners
James B. Nardi, a University of Illinois biologist has written a book, Life in the Soil: A Guide for Naturalists and Gardeners that introduces you to all the creatures that live in our soil.
Lavishly illustrated with nearly three hundred color illustrations and masterfully-rendered black and white drawings throughout, Life in the Soil invites naturalists and gardeners alike to dig in and discover the diverse community of creatures living in the dirt below us.
Biologist and acclaimed natural history artist James B. Nardi begins with an introduction to soil ecosystems, revealing the unseen labors of underground organisms maintaining the rich fertility of the earth as they recycle nutrients between the living and mineral worlds.
He then introduces readers to a dazzling array of creatures: wolf spiders with glowing red eyes, snails with 120 rows of teeth, and10,000-year-oldfungi, among others.
Organized by taxon, Life in the Soil covers everything from slime molds and roundworms to woodlice and dung beetles, as well as vertebrates from salamanders to shrews. The book ultimately explores the crucial role of soil ecosystems in conserving the worlds above and below ground.
A unique and illustrative introduction to the many unheralded creatures that inhabit our soils and shape our environment aboveground, Life in the Soil will inform and enrich the naturalist in all of us.
For more information, please contact Stephanie Hlywak at (773) 702--0376 or shlywak@press.uchicago.edu
Source: University of Chicago Press
Posted by Ron Wolford at 6:10 PM | Permalink |
December 28, 2007
Not Just Birds Go After Bird Seed
When you try to provide food for the birds, the rest of nature considers itself invited to the feast that you have provided. Here are some suggestions for reducing problems from squirrels, mice and other creatures that can be a problem to people feeding birds.
Probably the biggest problem that you are likely to face when trying to feed the birds is squirrels trying to take the birdseed. Although squirrels are also part of nature, and many people feel that their feeding at the bird feeder is natural and acceptable, other people get very upset when squirrels arrive at the feeder.
Squirrels are capable of tearing apart many feeders and carrying all of the seed away to be stored for later use, just as they do with acorns and other seeds in the fall.
Squirrels can be kept out of the feeder by mounting it on a slender metal pole that they are unable to climb. The feeder should be at least 6 or 7 feet off of the ground so that the squirrels will not be able to jump onto the feeder from the ground. Locate the bird feeder so that it is at least 20 feet from the nearest tree branch, house roof or other object that the squirrels may use to jump down onto the feeder.
If this isn't feasible, then using sheet metal or smooth plastic around a wooden post will usually keep off the squirrels. Smooth plastic or metal baffles beneath or above the bird feeder will probably keep away most of the squirrels.
Realize, however, that sooner or later a squirrel that is agile enough or ingenious enough to get to the seed anyway may arrive at your feeder. With this in mind, many people decide that if you can't beat them, join them. They end up resigning themselves to the fact that squirrels need to eat as well. Going with this notion, consider feeding corn to the squirrels so that they are less likely to attack the bird feeder. This bribery not only helps protect the feeder, but also helps another of nature's creatures make it through the winter.
Ear corn or corn-on-the-cob usually occupies the squirrels longer than loose corn or seed. These ears can be mounted on nails on boards or fence posts for support. Locate your feeder at least 15 feet from shrubbery or other cover so that ground feeding birds can see a prowling house cat or other predator and have time to escape.
Mice and rats may feed on the spilled seed around the feeder. Locating the feeder over a smooth surface such as a patio allows you to sweep up the seed each evening to reduce this problem. Because many birds prefer to feed on the ground, spilled seed should not be removed during the day.
Source: David Robson, University of Illinois Extension horticulture educator, Springfield Center, (217)782-6515
Posted by Ron Wolford at 1:26 AM | Permalink |
December 27, 2007